Someone recently told me about this friction science experiment. We're huge fans of science activities in our home. I knew I immediately had to try it out and add it to my arsenal of easy science experiments!
As for this friction experiment, I listened to the explanation but had doubts if the “experiment” would work. So, like any good parent and educator, I tested it out. First, by myself and then with my children.
The age range of my children is 5 years so I always have to think about how to approach science activities in age-appropriate ways. Turns out this activity is suited for a preschooler but is also great to add to your bucket of science experiments for 5th graders, too! I like that range! Also, add it to your list if science fair projects to wow peers and teachers!
I like to do activities by myself first not because I don't want to fail in front of kids (that is a healthy and great thing for children to observe) but instead because I want to be organized with the materials. I want to be able to have conversations about the concept and the experiment without stumbling for a bag of rice. ;-)
The post includes photos of my sons when we did the experiment. They were joyous, amazed with the result, and had loads of questions and ideas on what to do next with this experiment. This easy friction science experiment definitely ignited their desire to learn more!
Friction Science Experiment Idea
Materials for Friction Experiment
- Enough rice to fill a medium-sized plastic bottle
- Pencil or chopstick
- Funnel to get rice into the bottle
- Medium sized plastic or glass bottle
- A scoop to get rice to the funnel
Steps to Friction Experiment
- Bring out the materials and ask the child: “Do you think I can lift a bottle of rice with a chopstick?”
- Pour rice into a bowl for easy access
- Place the funnel into the bottle
- Scoop rice and pour into the funnel (that is already in the opening of the bottle
- Bang the bottle gently on the table to settle the rice (key point)
- Continue until mostly full
- Place the chopstick into the bottle
- Work it into the rice, gently banging the bottle to get the chopstick worked well into the rice
- Once worked into the rice, grab the chopstick and try to lift the bottle
- Observe the wonder
What is Friction?
Friction is a force we experience every day, all day. We can't see it. So, we tend not to notice it. Friction is the force that opposes the movement of one substance against another. In this case, we had rice and a chopstick. As the rice sits in the bottle, there are air pockets around most grains, which prevents friction.
Live Science tells us, “It is not a fundamental force, like gravity or electromagnetism. Instead, scientists believe it is the result of the electromagnetic attraction between charged particles in two touching surfaces.” (Source: LiveScience)
History of Friction
So when did we first discover this amazing force? Believe it or not, scientists began identifying and understanding the laws governing friction in the 1400s! The cool part about friction is that the interactions are so complex that in order to truly understand the concept many different types of experiments in a variety of situations (different materials, etc) have to happen. Unlike other forces, friction can't be derived from equations or laws alone.
I learned from LiveScience that there are exceptions to the rules of friction:
“…while two rough surfaces (such as sandpaper) rubbing against each other sometimes have more friction, very smoothly polished materials (such as plates of glass) that have been carefully cleaned of all surface particles may actually stick to each other very strongly.”
How interesting is that???
Science Behind Friction Experiments
As we push the chopstick into the bottle, the grains of rice settle close to one another eliminating most of the air pockets. Once this happens, the frictional force overwhelms the rice and so the rice will push against the chopstick. In fact, the grains are pushing so forcefully, they create a force that causes the chopstick to become stuck enabling you to pick up the bottle of rice.
Learn about Friction from Science Max
Further Friction Questions & Ideas
Don't stop at simply doing the science experiment! Ask questions that help your kids with their scientific thinking! I have a few examples for you below but if you need more ideas to check out, click thru to this post I wrote a while back: 9 Fantastic Ways to Help a Child with Science Thinking.
- Why could the chopstick pick up the bottle of rice in one case but not in another? (The rice wasn't settled enough in the bottle, around the chopstick.)
- Ask “What would happen if we used a different material in the bottle?” Then, try different materials like sand, pasta, etc. Record what works and what doesn't work and thoughts on why that might be the case.
- Then ask, “What would happen if we used a different vessel? A different type of bottle?”
- Try different sized “pencils” or tool to lift. Try a thicker/thicker dowel. Try a shorter or longer instrument. Record observations.
- Try with more or less rice. Record the observations.
- Check out PhysicsforKids.com for Friction Basics
I'd love to hear your ideas on ways to experiment with friction!
Want more? Check out these Experiments with Electricity.
Marnie